How Effective And Ineffective Are Services - 992 Words

How Effective/ Ineffective are Services Effectiveness/Ineffectiveness There will always be a question of effectiveness versus ineffectiveness of any program. In the matter of child welfare that will always be a question. There is increasing emphasis on the importance of child welfare outcomes, such safety, permanency, and well-being. The Child and Family Service Reviews showed that children who have been victims of child maltreatment before are 96% more likely to experience a recurrence that those who were not (US DHHS, 2008). The highest risk period for recurrence was 30 to 60 days following the initial CPS referral, and decreased over time. Recurrence was more common while a CPS was still opened. The Department of Children’s Services†¦show more content†¦These two chart files review studies of 148 cases discovered that SBC can be implemented across cases differing in certain variables. Implementation was greatest when teams of child welfare supervisors and workers were trained together. Results showed that workers were more engaged i n case planning and service acquisition for families when Solution-Based Casework was implemented. These workers were more likely to contact referents directly and attend initial sessions with their clients in order to develop collaborative service plans. Families were more compliant with requirements backed by higher rates of completion of goals assigned by caseworkers. These families achieved more goals than families the Solution-Based Casework was not use on. Another variable that impacted success with the Solution-Based Casework model was the history families had with child welfare. According to Antle, et al. these families achieved more goals than those who were not previously involved with the system. If families had prior cases that were already worked, then they had made progress in parenting. This progress and exiting the system could be viewed as a strength, and a period of time the family exhibited no problems. The model requires case workers to indentify strengths and re main involved with direct contact with

How does the charity letter use language to create an impact on its audience Free Essays

The Scope charity letter is an emotional, personal and heart felt letter intended to inform people about Cerebral Palsy and to persuade them donate to their worthy cause. The intended audience was the recipient of this letter, who may possibly be a parent perhaps whose child unfortunately has this terrible condition. The writer of this letter has used a range of grammatical techniques to create an impact on the reader. We will write a custom essay sample on How does the charity letter use language to create an impact on its audience? or any similar topic only for you Order Now One of the main , striking features of this text, is the Anecdote that runs throughout the letter. The short story about Abigail is told by her father which makes it very personal and informal, ‘ I’m Abigail’s dada, Ric. The fact that he introduces himself and gives his name adds more personality into the letter and is inviting the reader to read on. The effect this has upon the audience is that the reality of the letter is portrayed clearly and it makes the reader realise it isn’t just a problem for somebody else, it could happen to anyone. ‘Like any parents. ‘ Something else used, that makes the letter a lot more personal, is the use of personal pronouns. The use of the first person, personal pronouns ‘my’ and ‘I’, in the first paragraph, not only make the letter more real to the reader but also gives a sense of pride that Abigail’s father is feeling. I see that my Abigail has come on in leaps and bounds at school this year. ‘ The possessive determiner ‘my’ strongly emphasises that Ric is very proud of his daughter. Furthermore, the second person, personal pronouns toward the end of the text are also very effective, the use of the pronoun ‘you’ includes the reader into Abigail’s incredible story. This particularly impacts on the reader as they feel like they have been with Abigail on her difficult journey through learning and coping with Cerebral Palsy. This making them feel they want to help more people like Abigail, as Scope have clea rly made a huge difference. This is a rhetorical device- emotive language. It brings the emotions of the writer, and some readers, to the text and audience. Additionally, ‘As soon as we walked through the doors, we knew it was right for our daughter’ is somewhat of a hyperbole-another rhetorical device. It can be seen as a hyperbole as Abigail’s parents could not have known the school was right for their daughter until they had learned more about it. However, this is emphasising how much Scope has helped them and also sets up how much more helpful Scope became to them, later in the letter. Another hyperbole, is the bold caption ‘If it wasn’t for Scopes Ingfield Manor School, Abigail wouldn’t be†¦ Abigail! ‘ Obviously she still would be Abigail but this is used to highlight how much of a lifeline Scope had been, not just for Abigail, but to her parents also. They helped Abigail develop her own personality, even though she has a disability which can hold her back. Another rhetorical technique, used by the writer is the Tricolon. Ric describes how the school not only give the children a ‘national curriculum education’ as all schools do, but also how they ‘develop speech, movement and mobility. The use of the Tricolon here shows how much work Scope put in and how much they help people with Cerebral Palsy to learn. To add more emotion and make it even more personal, Ric uses a Tricolon to depict how Scope has personally helped his daughter to ‘develop her education, her self-esteem and her sparkling personality. Ã¢â‚¬Ë œ The use of the adjective ‘sparkling’ within the tricolon highlights that not only has Scope helped Abigail develop a personality, they have helped her create a strong one that shines through her disability. Another powerful adjective used in the letter is ‘dedicated’. This adjective shows that Scope are trying really hard to make a difference and will stop at nothing to help people like Abigail, people with this terrible disability. Together with the common noun ‘family’, the two word classes strongly emphasise that they all work together and make everyone; the family, the ‘pupil’ and even the reader feel included in their achievements as a team. The verbs used in this text guide the reader to feel that Scope is a very friendly and caring charity. The modal auxiliary verbs ‘can’ and ‘will’ express that there is hope for people with Cerebral Palsy, and Scope is it. The modal auxiliary verb ‘will’ indicates that Scope will definitely continue helping people for as long as they receive support. The dynamic verbs ‘meeting’ and ‘providing’ are in the progressive tense, showing that Scope’s work is ongoing, meaning that they have to rely on peoples donations for their work to continue. Furthermore, the verbs ‘develop’, ‘provide’, ‘share’ and ‘support’ greatly emphasise that Scope are not forceful and are there to ‘support’ people like Abigail. They do not push her but guide her and help her to become the best she can be, while making life for her and her family easier. Taking away the pressure and worry for her education and how it might be affected by Cerebral Palsy. The verb ‘support’ is particularly important as it makes the reader realise that Abigail is not an invalid, nor should she be treated as inferior to anybody else, she just needs a little help and guidance due to her disability. That is where Scope comes in. These verbs persuade the reader to help as they can empathise with Abigail. Finally the verbs ‘joking’ and ‘giggling’ lighten up the mood of the text as the reader becomes aware that Scope help bring light and happiness into these peoples lives. Although Ric himself didn’t write this letter, it would have been carefully crafted to make it sound as if he did, to make it more personal and more effective. The writer uses the grammatical techniques to make the audience aware of what it would be like in Ric’s shoes, persuading them to help, while informing them about Cerebral Palsy and how Scope enable people to overcome difficulties in learning. How to cite How does the charity letter use language to create an impact on its audience?, Essays

Snakes Essay Example For Students

Snakes Essay There are many different species of animals roaming the earth these days. Some live on land and some live in bodies of water such a oceans or seas. They all look different and behave in different and unusual ways. Some use legs to move and other use fins however there are also species which nature didnt give the gift of these body parts. These animals are called snakes and today we will be looking at these extraordinary animals, especially the ones located near our homes right here in North America. Snakes belong to a group of animals known as reptiles. They are classified among other creatures such as lizards, turtles, and crocodilians. The ancestors of our modern snakes and lizards appeared along with the first dinosaurs during the late Triassic period, almost 200 million years ago. Fossils of those animals are rare however because of their soft and fragile bones which decomposed after they died. All snakes have a backbone but lack limbs, eyelids and external ear openings. In addition, snakes have specialized row of scales along the underside of their bodies, whereas other reptiles have numerous rows. Finally snakes have unique skulls. The bones of their upper jaws are not united at the snout but are free to move away from one another, allowing the passage of larger prey items then would be otherwise possible. The snakes are the only known animal that can do that. Snakes have many enemies and they have several means of preventing themselves from being killed or eaten. The most effective and common method is to avoid detection. Many are well camouflaged so that they blend into their natural surroundings. Others have very intricate markings consisting of blotches, bands, or stripes and are intended to confuse predators by disguising the outline of the snake. Yet other species are brightly colored. When the snake moves and the bands flicker quickly past, the predator may be confused as to which direction the snake is traveling. If a snake fails to avoid detection, or ir its warning colors dont scare the predator away it may resort to other means of defense. Almost all the snakes bite event though only few are venomous. A few however play dead by turning over onto their backs and sticking their tongue out. This is usually accompanied by a foul small that is given off from their glands at the base of their tails. Snakes have some of the same senses that other animals use, but they have also evolved additional senses because their eyesight and hearing are not very good. Snakes use their tongues to pick up scent particles from the atmosphere. First they flick their tongue and put it back into their mouths. The tongue is inserted into a chamber in the top of the mouth which is connected directly to the brain. Three groups of snakes, the boas, pythons and vipers have an additional sense organ not seen in other animals. These are the heat pits which are found on the face. Each pit is large and is lined with a sensitive membrane that detects the heat. In this way species with pits can pinpoint the position of warm blooded animals which form their main pray. One of the most advanced snakes are the vipers. They are found throughout the world. Their most distinctive characteristic is a pair of shortened maxillae to each of which is attached a single long fang. Each maxilla is hinged so that the fangs can be folded back when not in use. The fangs have an enclosed canal through which venom is forced. Vipers are typically short and stocky with broad heads. The scales are usually heavily packed and the head is covered with small irregular scales. They are mainly a land species but some are semi aquatic. Vipers are well camouflaged snakes that ambush their prey, which consists of warm blooded vertebrates. Most species give birth to live babies but some do lay eggs. The viper family is divided into four subfamilies. The viperine and the Crotalinae have many species whereas the Azemiopine and Causine have few. The Crotaline are unique among snakes in possessing a pair of large heat sensitive pits between the eye and the nostril.